Earthquakes Explained: Key Facts for UPSC & SSC
Earthquakes are a destructive natural disaster. **Earthquakes** cause intense shaking of Earth’s surface, resulting in huge loss of life globally, making them a crucial topic for UPSC and SSC exams.
Earthquakes are one of the most destructive natural disasters on Earth. They are caused by the sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust. In the past decade, several significant earthquakes have resulted in a huge loss of life globally.
Introduction & Concept Overview
An earthquake is an intense shaking of Earth’s surface. The shaking is caused by movements in Earth’s outermost layer. The magnitudes in this article have been taken from the official scientific agency of the United States government, which monitors seismic activity worldwide.
Complete List of Deadliest Earthquakes
| Earthquake | Year | Epicentre | Magnitude | Death Toll |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Turkey-Syria Earthquake | 2023 | Gaziantep Province, Turkey | 7.8 | 59,000+ |
| Nepal Earthquake | 2015 | Near Kathmandu, Nepal | 7.8 | 9,000 |
| Myanmar Earthquake | 2025 | Near Sagaing, Myanmar | 7.7 | 5,400 |
| Indonesia Sulawesi Earthquake and Tsunami | 2018 | Palu Region, Sulawesi Island, Indonesia | 7.5 | - |
Key Facts & Figures to Memorize
- Earthquakes are caused by the sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust.
- The Turkey-Syria Earthquake in 2023 had a magnitude of 7.8 and resulted in 59,000+ deaths.
- The Nepal Earthquake in 2015 had a magnitude of 7.8 and resulted in 9,000 deaths.
- The Myanmar Earthquake in 2025 had a magnitude of 7.7 and resulted in 5,400 deaths.
Memory Tricks & Mnemonics
To remember the deadliest earthquakes, use the acronym TEN: Turkey, Earthquake, Nepal.
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: What is the most destructive natural disaster on Earth?
A: Earthquakes are one of the most destructive natural disasters on Earth, causing intense shaking of the surface and resulting in huge loss of life globally.
Q: What is the difference between earthquake magnitude and intensity?
A: Earthquake magnitude is a measure of the size of the earthquake, while intensity is a measure of the shaking caused by the earthquake.
Q: How can we prepare for earthquakes?
A: We can prepare for earthquakes by having a disaster plan, securing heavy objects, and practicing earthquake drills.
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